1. Why did American plantation owners and U.S. Marines topple Hawaii’s queen in 1893? Why was Hawaii considered to be a valuable prize? What was President Grover Cleveland’s reaction? Do you agree or disagree with his quote on page 1?
Because they wanted complete control over Hawaii. Hawaii had rich soil which was good for growing tropical fruits and then was also in the center of the Pacific Ocean. President Cleveland's reaction was to withdraw the treaty. I disagree with the quote because he says it like the Hawaiian people needed the help of the US however they didn't.
2. Identify five important changes that transformed American in the nineteenth century. How did these five changes affect Americans?
Immigration- Population growth and economic expansion
Urban Growth- Brought more people jobs however it also brought about overburdened transportation systems, inadequate sanitation, rising crime, substandard housing, and political corruption.
Trade- America was making more products than the consumers wanted and so they therefore used exportation to other countries.
Depression- They had businesses going bankrupt and made the workers realize how vulnerable they were in an economy based on industry and manufacturing.
Frontier- With redendency on immigrant labor combining with a disdain for the people preforming that labor it made the American people realize the need for change.
3. How did the economic depression that began in 1893 deepen the divisions in American society? Which groups suffered the most during the depression?
The business owners were the ones hit the hardest which left and even deeper division which made the workers more angry and lead the people to strikes. Then that just made the owners more afraid because they were afraid that if they gave the workers what they wanted they would be stuck in case of another economic depression.
4. What were the values many Americans attached to the frontier? Why did many Americans fear that the closing of the frontier would harm America’s national character?
Americans believed that America's resourcefulness, bravery, pragmatism, ingenuity, individualism, egalitarianism, and patriotism were closely tied to their concept of the people of the westen frontier. Many thought that if America no longer had the frontier they would lose all of these traits.
5. Why did some Americans suggest greater involvement overseas?
Because Europe's proactive approach to imperialism that might shut down America's ability of out of international trade opprunitys.
6. What policy did expansionists say would ensure the economic success of the United States? What did imperialists say?
Expansion would help the US gain greater political power.
Imperialists toight that they could justify their ideas was to call upon a set of pseudo-scientific theories.
7. How did the theories of social Darwinism and scientific racism lend support to the cause of American imperialism? How were these pseudo-scientific theories used to justify racist policies and imperialism? Are they still used today?
To justify the following of Darwinism applied the same principles in an effort to chart the social and economic progress of different groups of people. No they aren't used today.
8. What did many Protestant churches say was America’s role in the world?
To bring about world peace.
9. Why did the United States become involved in several Latin American nations in the nineteenth century? Summarize why the United States became involved in Samoa, Hawaii, and other Latin American nations.
One is because they were stops for steamships and also because they were key for growing cirtin crops that could not be grown in the US.
10. Why was the United States concerned about British involvement in Venezuela? What concept did U.S. Secretary of State Richard Olney invoke in response?
He was concerned that Europien nations would take control of Latin American markets before the US had the chance to get involved. He invoked the Monroe Doctrine.
Thursday, October 29, 2009
Sunday, October 25, 2009
Spanish-American War (1898)
Causes: How did each of the following help to cause the outbreak of the Spanish-American War?
1. American business owners- They wanted to have Cuba go down and by that they wanted Spanish to win and were angered when the Cubans burnt down their fields.
2. José Martí- He organized an outbreak of the Cubans against the spanish which angered the Spanish.
3. Valeriano Weyler- By sparking an interest from the Americans by putting the Cubans into concentration camps and killing thousands of Cubans.
4. Yellow journalism- Used to get the readers of top newspapers hooked and informed then of what was happening and spike their interest in the matters in Cuba and the Spanish.
5. De Lôme letter- It angered the American citizens when they heard about it because they were very angry that the Spanish president would do that to their president.
6. U.S.S. Maine- The Americans thought that the Spanish had blown up one of their naval ships and were very angered and that was the last straw which lead them to battle with Spain.
Effects: What happened to each of the following territories as a result of the Spanish-American War?
7. Cuba- It became free.
8. Puerto Rico- Part of the United States.
9. Guam- Part of the United States.
10. Philippine Islands- Was bought by the United States from Spain for $20 Million.
1. American business owners- They wanted to have Cuba go down and by that they wanted Spanish to win and were angered when the Cubans burnt down their fields.
2. José Martí- He organized an outbreak of the Cubans against the spanish which angered the Spanish.
3. Valeriano Weyler- By sparking an interest from the Americans by putting the Cubans into concentration camps and killing thousands of Cubans.
4. Yellow journalism- Used to get the readers of top newspapers hooked and informed then of what was happening and spike their interest in the matters in Cuba and the Spanish.
5. De Lôme letter- It angered the American citizens when they heard about it because they were very angry that the Spanish president would do that to their president.
6. U.S.S. Maine- The Americans thought that the Spanish had blown up one of their naval ships and were very angered and that was the last straw which lead them to battle with Spain.
Effects: What happened to each of the following territories as a result of the Spanish-American War?
7. Cuba- It became free.
8. Puerto Rico- Part of the United States.
9. Guam- Part of the United States.
10. Philippine Islands- Was bought by the United States from Spain for $20 Million.
Wednesday, October 21, 2009
U.S. Imperialism Begins
1. Name at least five factors that fueled American Imperialism.
Global competition, desire for military strength, thirst for new markets, belief in cultural superiority and the responsibility to spread Christianity.
2. Choose two of the above five factors and describe them in your own words.
Global competition- Trying to move the US out more in the world such as Asia and Africa.
Desire for military strenght- With all the other countries having so much military they felt they needed more so they built up the navy.
3. What was known as “Seward’s Folly” and why?
How Seward proposed to the Senate that they should purchase Alaska from Russia. Later found when purchased that it was rich in timber, minerals and oil.
4. What plantation-based product accounted for three-quarters of Hawaii’s wealth in the mid-19th century and who controlled this product?
Sugar, mostly Asians were in control of most of the sugar plantations.
6. Using as much detail as possible, outline the sequence of events that led to America gaining possession of Hawaii? In other words, why was the United States interested in these Pacific islands?
They wanted a naval base at Pearl Harbor.
Global competition, desire for military strength, thirst for new markets, belief in cultural superiority and the responsibility to spread Christianity.
2. Choose two of the above five factors and describe them in your own words.
Global competition- Trying to move the US out more in the world such as Asia and Africa.
Desire for military strenght- With all the other countries having so much military they felt they needed more so they built up the navy.
3. What was known as “Seward’s Folly” and why?
How Seward proposed to the Senate that they should purchase Alaska from Russia. Later found when purchased that it was rich in timber, minerals and oil.
4. What plantation-based product accounted for three-quarters of Hawaii’s wealth in the mid-19th century and who controlled this product?
Sugar, mostly Asians were in control of most of the sugar plantations.
6. Using as much detail as possible, outline the sequence of events that led to America gaining possession of Hawaii? In other words, why was the United States interested in these Pacific islands?
They wanted a naval base at Pearl Harbor.
Friday, October 16, 2009
Child Labor Reform Photographs
Objective Assessment
As you view each photograph take note about what you see. (note people, background, objects) Pretend you were describing the image to someone who could not see it. Try to avoid making judgments.
Where are these children? List any clues relating to their surroundings.
Describe any tools or objects you see.
Describe their clothing. What do their clothes reveal about their work?
Subjective Assessment
What questions do you have about each of these photographs?
Based on your observations, list three things you might infer about the lives of these children. (Be sure to consider Hine's notes about the photographs when considering this.
Photograph A- The girl is in Whitnel Cotton Mill. To the left of the girl there is a long line of machinery. She is wearing a fairly nice dress which doesn't look as it should be worn for work. My question is if she has ever gone to school. She is poor and spent her money that she got on her dress that she is wearing at the time. She is scared that the person taking the picture may be from the government because when asked her age she didn't say her age.
Photograph B- The girls in this picture are looking glum perhaps standing outside the factory which they work at. The girls clothing makes it appear that they are poor because they look grimy and they don't look like their having a good time because they are having to work at such a young age.
Photograph C- In this picture the girl is standing in an isle at the factory and you can see part of a man's arm working. The girls clothing looks just a nice white dress which today might seem to dressy for work. Why is such a young girl working already? I might infer that this girl was poor and maybe was kicked out of her house because according to the caption she said she "just happened in". Also I can infer that she was not happy because she isn't smiling. Also that she has not lived the life of a normal child because she's been working her childhood.
Photograph D- In this picture is a boy standing outside selling newspapers while men and women pass him by. The boy's clothing is that of a beggar boy which people might have thought would help him get more newspapers sold. Why did they have such a small boy selling these papers rather than an adult? I might infer that this boy is trying to make money for his family because they are very poor. Or I could infer that this boy is trying to make money for himself because he is trying to live on his own. I could also infer that this boy is too young to work though he needs to.
Photograph E- In this picture it shows boys going through coal while being watched over by the slave drivers that prod the boys or kick them to keep them at work. The boys are all wearing all black clothes like a jacket and black pants and they all look cold. Why were there people watching over the worker boys? I might infer that these boys have been troublemakers and so they would need the people watching over them to keep them on task. Also I might infer that these boys have had a hard life that they have to go this low for a job. Also I might infer that they will have lung problems when they are older because since the coal gets into their lungs from the air.
Photograph F- In this picture it shows how the boys were still hard at work in the Indiana Glass Works even though its late at night. The boys are wearing worn and tatered clothing that is slightly grimy. Why are they working so late into the night? I might infer that they are not the most serious workers because you can see some boys in the back throwing something. Also I might infer that they don't have the best idea of what their doing because there are a few boys just standing around. Also I might infer that they are very poor because they didn't even use their money to buy newer clothes that don't have holes in them.
Photograph G- In this picture there is a long line of people including babies working on shucking clams for canning. They are all wearing aprons and they that don't have the best clothes on. Why are babies working because wouldn't they be not much of a help because they are so young? I might infer that the boss is crazy for hiring small babies to work for them. Also I might infer that the mothers needed to bring the childern in to work and decided that they could help them if they were going to be there. Another thing I might infer is that they were very tired since they had to work from 3:30 am to 5 pm.
Photograph H- In this picture there is people going in to their job to work the night shift. They are wearing clothes to try and keep them warm and the girls are wearing bonnets and it states in the description that few to none had wraps. Why do they have to have people work the night shifts? I might infer that the girls that are supporting their father are very nice in order to be willing to work for someone that has done nothing for them. Also I might infer that these girls are very close knit to stay together through the hard life of working like this at such a young age for someone that does nothing to them. Another thing that I might infer is that they are cold because they are all bundled up and it says in the description that when they come out of work the next day they are drenched in heavy, cold rain.
As you view each photograph take note about what you see. (note people, background, objects) Pretend you were describing the image to someone who could not see it. Try to avoid making judgments.
Where are these children? List any clues relating to their surroundings.
Describe any tools or objects you see.
Describe their clothing. What do their clothes reveal about their work?
Subjective Assessment
What questions do you have about each of these photographs?
Based on your observations, list three things you might infer about the lives of these children. (Be sure to consider Hine's notes about the photographs when considering this.
Photograph A- The girl is in Whitnel Cotton Mill. To the left of the girl there is a long line of machinery. She is wearing a fairly nice dress which doesn't look as it should be worn for work. My question is if she has ever gone to school. She is poor and spent her money that she got on her dress that she is wearing at the time. She is scared that the person taking the picture may be from the government because when asked her age she didn't say her age.
Photograph B- The girls in this picture are looking glum perhaps standing outside the factory which they work at. The girls clothing makes it appear that they are poor because they look grimy and they don't look like their having a good time because they are having to work at such a young age.
Photograph C- In this picture the girl is standing in an isle at the factory and you can see part of a man's arm working. The girls clothing looks just a nice white dress which today might seem to dressy for work. Why is such a young girl working already? I might infer that this girl was poor and maybe was kicked out of her house because according to the caption she said she "just happened in". Also I can infer that she was not happy because she isn't smiling. Also that she has not lived the life of a normal child because she's been working her childhood.
Photograph D- In this picture is a boy standing outside selling newspapers while men and women pass him by. The boy's clothing is that of a beggar boy which people might have thought would help him get more newspapers sold. Why did they have such a small boy selling these papers rather than an adult? I might infer that this boy is trying to make money for his family because they are very poor. Or I could infer that this boy is trying to make money for himself because he is trying to live on his own. I could also infer that this boy is too young to work though he needs to.
Photograph E- In this picture it shows boys going through coal while being watched over by the slave drivers that prod the boys or kick them to keep them at work. The boys are all wearing all black clothes like a jacket and black pants and they all look cold. Why were there people watching over the worker boys? I might infer that these boys have been troublemakers and so they would need the people watching over them to keep them on task. Also I might infer that these boys have had a hard life that they have to go this low for a job. Also I might infer that they will have lung problems when they are older because since the coal gets into their lungs from the air.
Photograph F- In this picture it shows how the boys were still hard at work in the Indiana Glass Works even though its late at night. The boys are wearing worn and tatered clothing that is slightly grimy. Why are they working so late into the night? I might infer that they are not the most serious workers because you can see some boys in the back throwing something. Also I might infer that they don't have the best idea of what their doing because there are a few boys just standing around. Also I might infer that they are very poor because they didn't even use their money to buy newer clothes that don't have holes in them.
Photograph G- In this picture there is a long line of people including babies working on shucking clams for canning. They are all wearing aprons and they that don't have the best clothes on. Why are babies working because wouldn't they be not much of a help because they are so young? I might infer that the boss is crazy for hiring small babies to work for them. Also I might infer that the mothers needed to bring the childern in to work and decided that they could help them if they were going to be there. Another thing I might infer is that they were very tired since they had to work from 3:30 am to 5 pm.
Photograph H- In this picture there is people going in to their job to work the night shift. They are wearing clothes to try and keep them warm and the girls are wearing bonnets and it states in the description that few to none had wraps. Why do they have to have people work the night shifts? I might infer that the girls that are supporting their father are very nice in order to be willing to work for someone that has done nothing for them. Also I might infer that these girls are very close knit to stay together through the hard life of working like this at such a young age for someone that does nothing to them. Another thing that I might infer is that they are cold because they are all bundled up and it says in the description that when they come out of work the next day they are drenched in heavy, cold rain.
Tuesday, October 13, 2009
Progressive Era Presidents Taft and Wilson
1. How did William Howard Taft get selected to run for president?
Taft said that he wouldn't be the same president they had had for the past 2 terms.
2. How did Teddy Roosevelt come to oppose Taft for the presidency in 1912?
Roosevelt became oppose to Taft for presidence because Taft was ruining all the things that Roosevelt worked hard to fix.
3. What events helped Woodrow Wilson win the election in 1912?
That Teddy Roosevelt and Taft were in a great arguement and so he stayed out of it and then won an overwelling amount of electoral votes.
4. What legislation did Wilson use to attack trusts and monopolies?
Wilson supported small business and free-market competition.
5. What was the Nineteenth Amendment?
Granting women the right to vote.
6. How did America's entry into World War II affect the reform movement?
It ended the Progressive Era
Taft said that he wouldn't be the same president they had had for the past 2 terms.
2. How did Teddy Roosevelt come to oppose Taft for the presidency in 1912?
Roosevelt became oppose to Taft for presidence because Taft was ruining all the things that Roosevelt worked hard to fix.
3. What events helped Woodrow Wilson win the election in 1912?
That Teddy Roosevelt and Taft were in a great arguement and so he stayed out of it and then won an overwelling amount of electoral votes.
4. What legislation did Wilson use to attack trusts and monopolies?
Wilson supported small business and free-market competition.
5. What was the Nineteenth Amendment?
Granting women the right to vote.
6. How did America's entry into World War II affect the reform movement?
It ended the Progressive Era
Thursday, October 8, 2009
TR's Square Deal
1. How did Roosevelt create the modern presidency?
With the Square Deal.
2. How did Roosevelt's intervention in a coal strike set a precedent for federal arbitration?
It showed that the government is the people in charge and not the industries.
3. What did Roosevelt do to the trusts and railroads?
He put the Federal Employers Liability Act in place.
4. What legislation passed during Roosevelt's presidency protected citizens?
The Progressive Movement
5. What did Roosevelt do to protect the environment?
He created the Department of Interior.
With the Square Deal.
2. How did Roosevelt's intervention in a coal strike set a precedent for federal arbitration?
It showed that the government is the people in charge and not the industries.
3. What did Roosevelt do to the trusts and railroads?
He put the Federal Employers Liability Act in place.
4. What legislation passed during Roosevelt's presidency protected citizens?
The Progressive Movement
5. What did Roosevelt do to protect the environment?
He created the Department of Interior.
Sunday, October 4, 2009
Urbanization
1. What is Urbanization?
Urbanization is the growth of citites.
2. For what reasons did a number of Americans move from the country to the cities?
The invention of different farming tools helped many farmers to be more sufficent however it created less of a need for laborers and also the blacks having racial problems in the south found a bit more refuge in the cities.
3. What were the housing problems that many poor city dwellers faced?
The housing problems that many poor city dwellers faced was that they could either buy a house in the outskirts of town and face the problem of transportation or they could buy a house in the city where they had crammed people in tenements.
Urbanization is the growth of citites.
2. For what reasons did a number of Americans move from the country to the cities?
The invention of different farming tools helped many farmers to be more sufficent however it created less of a need for laborers and also the blacks having racial problems in the south found a bit more refuge in the cities.
3. What were the housing problems that many poor city dwellers faced?
The housing problems that many poor city dwellers faced was that they could either buy a house in the outskirts of town and face the problem of transportation or they could buy a house in the city where they had crammed people in tenements.
Thursday, October 1, 2009
Healthcare Reform Essay
I believe that the health care needs reform. The health care needs reform because the way it is now with so many people out of jobs they don't have the money to pay for health care. Also the health care needs reform because it cost so much for people that may have no money in the first place. Although I don't believe that it would be wise for the health care to become government-run because I do not support the "public option" I do believe that it is a good idea for it to be universal health care.
One reason that health care needs reform is because the way health care is set up right now and with the economy and people out of jobs they have no money. For example if someone got cancer and because they were sick and out of work for so long they have now lost their job. Then they have no job, their sick with no money and have no insurance because they lost their job benefits but still have to pay the government for health insurance.
Another reason that health care needs reform is because insurance cost a lot of money and if a person has no money anyways how will they pay for insurance? If someone was out of work and doesn't have any money do they have to still pay for insurance? No, they do not have to pay for health insurance however in the state of MA they are penalized a couple hundred dollars each month for not having insurance. I think that this is not a very fair to be penalized if you don't have money to have to pay some anyways.
I believe that having health care like Canada has it could be a good idea and a bad idea. I believe that it could be a positive thing to have universal health care where no one has to pay for it however people should have a choice in what doctor they go to. Also I don't believe that would work because everyone goes to the doctor so much for nothing because they don't have to pay for it.
These are the reasons that health care needs reform and that having "public option" isn't really the best idea for a solution.
One reason that health care needs reform is because the way health care is set up right now and with the economy and people out of jobs they have no money. For example if someone got cancer and because they were sick and out of work for so long they have now lost their job. Then they have no job, their sick with no money and have no insurance because they lost their job benefits but still have to pay the government for health insurance.
Another reason that health care needs reform is because insurance cost a lot of money and if a person has no money anyways how will they pay for insurance? If someone was out of work and doesn't have any money do they have to still pay for insurance? No, they do not have to pay for health insurance however in the state of MA they are penalized a couple hundred dollars each month for not having insurance. I think that this is not a very fair to be penalized if you don't have money to have to pay some anyways.
I believe that having health care like Canada has it could be a good idea and a bad idea. I believe that it could be a positive thing to have universal health care where no one has to pay for it however people should have a choice in what doctor they go to. Also I don't believe that would work because everyone goes to the doctor so much for nothing because they don't have to pay for it.
These are the reasons that health care needs reform and that having "public option" isn't really the best idea for a solution.
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